Hydrocarbon-oil burner



(Nomodel') W.G.HE1STER.

NIMH A M1. Attorney.

n Fr @risica IVILLIAM O. IIEISTER, OF SPRINGFIELD, OHIO.

HYDROCARBONOIL BURNER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 392,802, dated November13, 1888.

Application filed March l, 1888. Serial No. 265.863. (No model.)

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM C. Hinisrnn, a citizen of the United States,residing at Springfield, in the county of Clark and State of Ohio, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Hydrocarbon-Oil Burners, of which the following is a specication, reference being` hadt-herein to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to certain new and usefulimprovements inhydrocarbon-oil burners, and is specially intended to be used inconnection with heating-stoves, domestic furnaces, and boiler-furnaces.

The invention consists, essentially, of a burner having a series ofradial chambers, a number of air-passages leading thereto at or near theinner end, of a common oilchamber into which the oil is primarilyintroduced, and of a series of burner-tubes leading from said chamberinto and partially through said radial chambers, whereby oil and air arebrought together within said chambers for the purpose of burning thesame in a combined or comminglcd state, to intensify the resulting heatand eeonoinize in the consumption of the hydrocarbon liquid.

The invention also consists in constructing the outer ends of theoil-conduits with reduced passages which lead into the radial chambersfor the purpose of reducing the oil to a fine stream, which shatters andcommiugles with the air in the chamber in a broken or iinely-commiuutedcondition, effecting a more perfect union of the two'elements.

The invention also consists of certain other details of construction andarrangement hereinafter more fully appearing.

. In the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification,and on which like reference-letters indicate corresponding parts, Figurel represents a sectional view of the lower portion of a heating-stove ofany approved construction and a partial elevation and partial sectionalView of my improved oilburner; Fig. 2, a detail perspective view of theburner proper; Fig. 3, an inverted plan view of the central part of theburner with a portion broken away to show the interior construction;Fig. 4, a plan view of a portion of the baseplate, showing thearrangement of the air-passages thereof; and Fig. 5, a detail Sectionalview of a modified form of oil-pipe.

The letter A designates the lower portion of a heating-stove of any ofthe approved types with which Icontemplate using my invention.- Itshould be observed, however, that it is equally applicable to domesticheatingfurnaces and to the various kinds of boiler-furnaces, bothstationary and portable.

The letter B designates the usual grate-bars, upon which I place andsuitably secure the baseplate G, which consists of an annular flatcasting with a series of air-passages, 'D, being, preferably, onepassage for every radial chanr ber of the burner.

An annular slide, E, is placed upon the baseplate and guided betweensuitable lugs, F. This platehas a corresponding series of airpassages,and is manipulated by engaging a pin, G', or other suitable device witha poker or other instrument, for the purpose of regulating the size ofthe air-passages D, so as to determine the supply of air which isafforded to the outer ends of the radial chambers and which intensifiescombustion. The baselplate is further provided with a number of innerair-passages, Il, and with a hub, lf, through which passes au oil-supplytube, Jr. This tube is connected with a suitable supply-pipe, K, whichleads to an o il tank or reservoir located at a suitable elevation tocause the oil to ilow freely ont of the upper `end .of the tube J. Thisend ofthe tube is provided with a contracted opening formed i'n abushing, L, of lava or other earthenware. The reduced oriiice suppliesthe oil to a chamber (hereinafter described) in a gradual and uniformmanner.

An annular iiange,M, of the plate G encircles the hub I and formsbetween itsinner wall and the outside of theh ub a tapering seat,intowhich the burner proper is seated. This burner consists ofa body,OO,through which project any suitable numbersix in the present instance-hof radial chambers I, preferably cast in the body. Cast-iron is the preferred material. The lower end of the body is tapered, as seen at Q,to lit the above-described seat, whereby a cheap and tightjoint isformed. An eye, R, may be formed on the upper part of the body to afforda ready-means of removing and replacing it from and to its seat while inastove or furnace. A series of vertical air-passages, S, are formed inthe body and lead into the chambers P and communicate with the air-passages H, which open toward the lower part of the stove or furnace andare arranged to re- IOO ceive upward drafts of air. The central por tionof the body is formed with a chamber, T, which fits over the hub I andinto which the tube J discharges oil. From this oil-chamber burner-tubesU project across the air-passages S and into the chamber P. Theseburner-tubes are preferably of metal and provided at their outer endswith bushings V,oflava,iireclay,or other earthen substance, in which asuitable orifice is formed to cause the oil to flow from the bnrnertnbesin the form of small jets, which spray and shatter into the outerportion of the inclosing-chambers P. The heat is intense at the outerends of the burner-tubes, and it is to prevent their destruction (whenof metal) by oxidation or corrosion that I provide them with thebushings V, which I have ascertained by practice are not affected by theintense heat.

In Fig. I have illustrated a modified form of burner-tube,whichconsistsiof makingitentirely of the substance above alluded to andwithout employing` any metal whatever.

The pressure of the oil from the source of supply more or less fills thechamber T, whence the oil iiows into the burner-tubes and spurts fromthe bushing V in the form above spoken of. As soon as ignited at theouter ends of the chambers P a draft is created up through the passagesH and S and out through the chambers P. When the air passes the outerends of the burner-tubes,it commingles with the sprays of oil, and thetwo elements in a commingled condition are burned,the heat decomposingthe air into its constituent gases. Thus an intense heat is secured andeconomyeffected in the consumption of the oil. The air thus introducedto the chambers P gradually becomes more highly heated as it passes infothe passages H and S and to the chambersP, rendering it in bettercondition to take up the sprays of' oil. To intensify the draft, andtherefore the heat, the

' slide E is manipulated to open the draft-passages D. The air drawn upthrough these pas sages grows hotter as it nears the chambers P, whichstand above them. As the flames occupy the outer ends of these chambersand issue upward from their termination, the heat is intense at thesepoints and the upcoming air is quickly taken up and decomposed.

The device here shown and described I have subjected to actual usage,andfind that with a burner measuring about seven inches from point to pointdiametrically and otherwise of about the size shown I have lled withfiames the entire interior ofastove with a fire-space of about twentyinches diameter and four feet high. A suitable cutoff is interposed inthe pipe K to control the amount of oil which passes to the chamber T.Whatever space there may be between the base-plate and the inner wall ofthe stove or furnace I close by filling of' clay or other suitablesubstance. The body O of' the burner proper acts to somewhat deflect theair rising up through the passages D outward, whence it freely escapesupward and commingles with the dames. This is the preferred manner ofconstructing the burner proper, though it may be otherwise constructed.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, anddesire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. In a burner, the combination, with a base-plate having outerdraft-passages, a regulating-slide therefor, inner draft-passages, acentral oil-supply tube, and an annular seat above the said innerpassages, of a burner proper consisting of a body fitted within the saidseat, and having air-passages extending upwardly from said innerpassages of the plate, radial chambers extending from said verticalpassages, a central oil-chamber com municating with the supply-tube, andburner-tubes extending from said chamber across the verticalair-passages and partly through the radial chambers.

2. In a burner, a base-plate having a eentral hub and a series of innerair-passages around said hub, a series of' outer air-'passages and aregulating-slide, and a seat formed for the reception of a burner at theouter ends of said inner air-passages.

3. In a burner, the combination, with a base-plate having a centralopening therein and an oil-tube fitted to said opening and provided witha bushing of earthy substance at its discharge end, of a burner properfitted upon the said base-plate and having an air-chamber which inclosesthe said oil-tube at the end in which the bushing is fitted.

4. In a burner, the combination, with a burner proper consisting of abody having one end fashioned to enter a seat and having an interiorchamber and burner-tubes eX-' tending from said chamber, air-passageswhich lead around and to said burner-tubes, and radial chambers whichenvelop the burn cr-tubes and extend beyond them and open at their innerends into the said air-passages, of a base-plate having a centraloil-supply tube discharging into the said burner-chamber, air-passagesabout the said tubes which communicate with the air-passages of theburner, a seat in which the burner is tted, and a pipe leading to saidoil-tube.

5. Aburner proper consisting of' a body, O, having air-passages S, acentral oil-chamber, around which said air-passages are disposed, radialchambers P, communicating With said passages, respectively, andburnertubes U, communicating with said oil-chamber, and extendingthrough and across said passages S into and partly through said radialchambers.

In testimony whereof I affix my signaturein presence of two witnesses.

XVII. C. IIEISTER.

IOO

IIC

